Evidence Tier: Limited Human Data (Russia-approved) — Semax is a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-10) with an added Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide. It is approved in Russia for stroke recovery and cognitive disorders but has no Western clinical validation.
Overview
Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of the ACTH(4-10) fragment, originally developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It has been approved as a prescription medication in Russia and several CIS countries since 2001 for treatment of stroke, cognitive disorders, and optic nerve atrophy.
Mechanism of Action
- BDNF Modulation: Increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor 1.4-fold and trkB phosphorylation 1.6-fold in animal studies; 3-fold BDNF mRNA increase reported in rat hippocampus
- Melanocortin System: Acts on MC3 and MC4 receptors in the central nervous system
- Neuroprotection: Reduces oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in ischemia models
- Neuroplasticity: Enhances expression of neurotrophins NGF, BDNF, and NT-3
Regulatory Status
FDA: Scheduled for PCAC evaluation July 23-24, 2026. Not currently approved in any Western country.
Russia: Approved as intranasal medication (0.1% solution) since 2001.
References
- Dolotov OV, et al. "Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus." Brain Res. 2006;1117(1):54-60.
- Gusev EI, et al. "Semax in prevention of disease progress and development of exacerbations in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency." Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2005;105(2):35-40.
Research Disclaimer
This article is compiled from peer-reviewed research and publicly available scientific literature. It is intended for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making health-related decisions.